General:

Magnesium can be found in nutritional supplements in several forms, but only part of it is absorbed by the human body. Some of these types of magnesium may cause intestinal discomfort. For ensuring optimal biodisponibility and increased digestive tolerance, Goldman Laboratories has designed the Magnesium Blend complex under liposomal encapsulation which contains several magnesium types with well-defined properties.

Magnesium is the fourth most abundant cation in the body and the second most abundant intracellular cation [1]. It is involved in hundreds of processes and in over 300 enzymatic reactions that take place daily inside the human body. Magnesium contributes to:

How do low Magnesium levels affect the body?

The causes of magnesium deficiency vary. It is estimated that more than 75% of the population consume less than the recommended quantities of magnesium. They range from inadequate dietary intake including loss of magnesium from the body [3]. Magnesium deficiency is extremely hard to diagnose since symptoms are generally non-specific. There are numerous contributing factors, and there is no simple easy way to diagnose magnesium deficiency [4]. In practice, magnesium level is usually determined via assessments of dietary intake, serum magnesium concentration and/or urinary magnesium concentration [5].  Furthermore, it is very difficult to tell from a simple blood test whether an individual is or is not magnesium-deficient, since the serum level does not reflect the amount of intracellular magnesium. Only 1% of total body magnesium is present in extracellular fluids, and only 0.3% of total body magnesium is found in serum [6]. Presently, a combination of all three markers: dietary, serum, and urinary may be used to get a valid assessment of magnesium status. The signs of deficiency include vomiting, weakness, irritability, headaches, fatigue, insomnia, dizziness, muscle tension, emotional outbursts, loss of appetite, feeling like you have a lump in the stomach, in the throat and also include palpitations. Severe deficiency can lead to contractions and cramps, problems with mood and heart rate as well as muscle spasms. In all these cases, supplementation is vital. Restoring to the normal levels of magnesium from a deficiency state may vary from six weeks up to six months of supplementation. 

What is Magnesium Blend complex under liposomal encapsulation?

Magnesium blend complex is made by using four of the most bioavailable forms of magnesium (malate, bisglycinate, lysinate and taurate) under liposomal encapsulation which provides a maximum delivery to the target areas, optimal absorption into cells and improves digestive tolerability. The benefits of different types of magnesium can be seen in the compounds they have been bound with.

Magnesium malate is a magnesium bound to malic acid. It is a combination of a magnesium and the organic compound of malic acid that naturally occurs in many foods, including fruits. Magnesium malate also offers the benefits of malic acid, such as the support of cellular energy production (Krebs Cycle-it aids an ATP production which is adenosine triphosphate-cellular energy) and the chelation of heavy metals such as aluminium. 

Magnesium bisglycinate is a magnesium bound with two glycines which are an amino acid that the body uses to produce glutathione, a powerful antioxidant that helps protect cells against oxidative damage caused by free radicals, believed to be the basis of many diseases [7]. It is energizing. Glycine may also improve sleep quality and promote a healthy circadian rhythm. Magnesium bisglycinate is one of the most bioavailable forms of magnesium. It’s a smart way to reverse a deficiency with this mineral. This mineral is connected to other essential nutrients within the body, including calcium, vitamin K and vitamin D. This type of magnesium, helps in muscle relaxation, decreases leg cramps and muscle spasms, reduces tension and anxiety and fights pain. Because it may improve the quality and the amount of sleep, [8] magnesium bisglycinate may also help to decrease daytime fatigue and enhance focus, learning and even information such as retention and memory. Both magnesium and glycine have calming properties, which means that together their effects may be even more powerful.

Magnesium Lysinate is a chelate of magnesium with amino acid lysine. The body uses it for muscle contraction and relief, energy production, proteins and bones built as well as tooth maintenance. It is essential for the metabolism of glucose, blood clotting and protein, fat and nucleic acid synthesis.

Magnesium taurate may have considerable potential for vascular-protective action, supports heart health while promoting calmness, helps to conserve potassium and calcium in the heart muscle and the central nervous system as well as bones. It plays a critical nutritional role in brain cell growth, differentiation, and development. Taurine is involved in regeneration and neuroprotection in the injured nervous system, and is an effective antioxidant against lead, cadmium and exercise-induced oxidative stress [9]. Taurine also has anti-aging and neuroprotective effects [10]. Magnesium taurate alleviates cardiovascular protection by restoring hypertension and myocardial antioxidant defence systems. It can be used as a nutritional supplement to manage cardiovascular complications [11]. 

Why use organic silicon with magnesium:

The amount of silicon in tissues decreases with age, probably because the organ responsible for silicon absorption is the thymus, which suffers from atrophy with age.

Silicon promotes the synthesis of collagen and elastin fibres which are major components of the connective tissue of blood vessels, such as arteries [12]. The silicon absorbed in the form of organic silicon promotes the bone cellular distribution of magnesium. It contributes to the solidity of the bone by stimulating its renewal. Indeed, it promotes the activity of the cells growth (osteoblasts) [13]. Organic silicon is especially strongly associated with connective tissues, as it has been found to participate in bone development, collagen formation and bone matrixmineralization. Furthermore, organic silicon also reduces metal accumulation in the body, improves the immune system health and reduces the risk for atherosclerosis [14].

Since human cells are composed of water and lipid membranes, organic silicon with magnesium moves very easily into the tissues and is therefore particularly well assimilated.

Why use B6 with magnesium:

Magnesium and vitamin B6 are cofactors. They are involved in multiple body enzyme reactions. Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxal 5`-phosphate) plays an important role in mood regulation, Pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (P5P) is the active coenzyme form of Vitamin B6 which can be directly utilized by the body without conversion [15]. Pyridoxal 5`-phosphate has been observed as being particularly synergistic in combination with magnesium. It is thought that pyridoxal 5`-phosphate is responsible for facilitating intercellular transportation of magnesium. This is partly because this vitamin is necessary for creating neurotransmitters that regulate emotions, including dopamine and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).

Reference:

[1] : Magdalena D. Cuciureanu and Robert Vink. Magnesium and stress; University of Adelaide Press 2011.

[2] : Rodríguez-Morán, Simental Mendía LE, Zambrano Galván G, Guerrero-Romero F. The role of magnesium in type 2 diabetes: a brief based-clinical review.2011 Dec;24(4):156-62.

[3] : Section of Pediatric Nephrology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA. fassadi@rush.eduHypomagnesemia: an evidence-based approach to clinical cases. 2010 Jan;4(1):13-9.

[4] : James J DiNicolantonio, James H O’Keefe and, William Wilson; Subclinical magnesium deficiency: a principal driver of cardiovascular disease and a public health crisis; 2018; 5(1): e000668.

[5] : Costello RB, Nielsen F. Interpreting magnesium status to enhance clinical care: key indicators. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2017 Nov;20(6):504-511

[6] : Wilhelm Jahnen-Dechent Corresponding author and Markus Ketteler 2, Magnesium basics; Clin Kidney J. 2012 Feb; 5(Suppl 1): i3–i14.

[7] : Ilaria Liguori,Gennaro Russo, Francesco Curcio, Giulia Bulli, Luisa Aran, David Della-Morte,Gaetano Gargiulo, Gianluca Testa, Francesco Cacciatore, Domenico Bonaduce, and Pasquale Abete; Oxidative stress, aging, and diseases; Clin Interv Aging. 2018; 13: 757–772.

[8] : Kawai N, Sakai N, Okuro M, Karakawa S, Tsuneyoshi Y, Kawasaki N, Takeda T, Bannai M, Nishino S; The sleep-promoting and hypothermic effects of glycine are mediated by NMDA receptors in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2015 May;40(6):1405-16

[9] : Xiaoli Niu, Simin Zheng, Hongtao Liu, and Siyuan Li; Protective effects of taurine against inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in brain injury; 2018 Nov; 18(5): 4516–4522.

[10] : Aydın AF, Çoban J, Doğan-Ekici I, Betül-Kalaz E, Doğru-Abbasoğlu S, Uysal M. Carnosine and taurine treatments diminished brain oxidative stress and apoptosis in D-galactose aging model. 2016 Apr 31(2):337-45.

[11] : Parikshit Shrivastava, Rajesh Choudhary, Umashankar Nirmalkar, Amrita Singh, Jaya Shree, Prabhat Kumar Vishwakarma, and Surendra H. Bodakhe; Magnesium taurate attenuates progression of hypertension and cardiotoxicity against cadmium chloride-induced hypertensive albino rats; 2019 Apr; 9(2): 119–123.

[12] : Loeper J, Goy-Loeper J, Rozensztajn L, Fragny M.The antiatheromatous action of silicon. Atherosclerosis. 1979 Aug;33(4):397-408.

[13] : Dr Kathy Bonan, Marie borrel; Les bienfaits du magnesium

[14] : Anna Boguszewska-Czubara; Silicon in medicine and therapy; Journal of Elementology 16(3):489-497· July 2011

[15] : Isotrope; Pyridoxal 5 Phosphate (P5P): Highly Bioavailable Vitamin B6; Jul 4, 2017;